Synthesis of Biologically Active Compounds

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Course teacher

Associate teachers

Status of the course

Course objectives

Acquisition of basic knowledge about selected classes of biologically active compounds, with emphasis on their chemistry, i.e. structural characteristics that causes biological activity and thereby application in pharmacy and medicine.

Course enrolment requirements and entry competences required for the course

Learning outcomes expected at the level of the course (4 to 10 learning outcomes)

After passing the exam students will be able to:
- specify the most important classes of biologically active compounds and the most important representatives of each class
- recognize and give name to some, important biologically active compounds based on their structural formula and classify them in the appropriate class based on structural features and/or biological activity
- present by structural formula the most important biologically active compounds
- connect biological activity and chemical structure (structure-activity relationship) of important biologically active compounds
- describe briefly synthesis of selected biologically active compounds
- specify significance and application of important biologically active compounds
- perform independently laboratory exercises according to laboratory procedures
- perform independently synthesis, isolation and purification of biologically active compounds as well as their characterization

Course content broken down in detail by weekly class schedule (syllabus)

Lectures (2 hours weekly):
1st week: Introduction to course (course content, students responsibilities, terms and conditions for passing exam). Biologically active compounds – definition. Chirality and biological activity. Natural bioactive compounds. Biological properties of chiral compounds.
2nd week: Methods for preparation of enantiomerically pure compounds. Synthetic methods for preparation of enantiomerically pure compounds (biotechnological method of synthesis, stereoselective or asymmetric synthesis).
3th week: Synthesis and semisynthesis of selected steroids. Female seks hormones. Estrogens. Progestins. Male seks hormones.
4th week: Synthesis of selected alkaloids. Morphine and morphine derivatives.
5th week: Semisynthetic morphine derivatives. Sympathomimetic drugs. Adrenaline. Ephedrine.
6th week: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Salycilic acid derivatives. Propionic acid derivatives. Arylacetic acid derivatives. p-Aminophenol derivatives.
7th week: Sulfonamides. Sulfonylureas.
8th week: Barbiturates. Benzodiazepines.
9th week: Anesthetics. General anesthetics. Inhalational anesthetic. Intravenous anesthetic.
10th week: Local anesthetic. Ester type local anesthetic of ester type. Amide type local anesthetic.
11th week: Cardiovascular drugs. Vasodilators. -Blockers.
12th week: Calcium channel blockers. ACE inhibitors.
13th week: Antibiotics – definition, classification, mechanism of action. -lactam antibiotics. Penicillins.
14th week: Macrolides. Tetracyclines.
15th week: Synthesis of selected vitamins. Water-soluble vitamins. Fat-soluble vitamins.
Exercises (3 hours weekly joined together in 8 lab periods):
1. Sulfonamides. Sulfanilamide synthesis. (2 lab periods)
2. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Acetysalicylic acid synthesis. (1 lab period)
3. Vitamins. Nicotinic acid synthesis. (2 lab periods)
4. Barbiturates. Barbituric acid synthesis. (2 lab periods)
5. Characterization of synthesized compounds. UV/VIS and FT-IR spectroscopy. Recording and interpretation of spectra. (1 lab period)

Format of instruction:

Student responsibilities

Students are required to attend lectures in the amount of at least 80% of the times scheduled and complete all laboratory exercises (100% attendance). Active participation in teaching process will be also evaluated in the final score.